Udgivet d. 13/3 - 2002 af Microsoft.
Er hentet på adressen: http://www.microsoft.com/hwdev/devdes/fourcc.htm

FOURCC for Video Compression

Contents:

FOURCCs and DirectDraw

Registered FOURCCs

Registering a FOURCC Code

FOURCC Data Formats

Four-Character Codes (FOURCC), a set of codes that are four characters in length, was introduced by Microsoft to clearly identify video data stream formats. The unique FOURCC value assigned to every compression format and pixel layout allows video frames to be passed between file and codec by ensuring the FOURCC of the source frame matches a FOURCC supported by the codec. FOURCCs describe the software technology that was used to produce multimedia data. By implication, they also describe the format of the data itself.

This article describes how FOURCC is used and provides information about how to register FOURCCs with Microsoft. To register a FOURCC code, send e-mail to mmreg@microsoft.com. Please include your name, title, company name, and phone and fax numbers. For more information, see Registering a FOURCC Code later in this article.

FOURCCs and DirectDraw

Microsoft® DirectDraw® uses FOURCC codes that are stored in file headers of files containing multimedia data such as bitmap images, sound, or video. DirectDraw-based applications use FOURCCs for image color and format conversion. If an application calls the IDirectDrawSurface7::GetPixelFormat method to request the pixel format of a surface whose format is not red-green-blue (RGB), the dwFourCC member of the DDPIXELFORMAT structure identifies the FOURCC when the method returns.

In addition, the biCompression member of the BITMAPINFOHEADER structure can be set to a FOURCC to indicate the codec used to compress or decompress an image. For more information on the use of FOURCCs to this function call, see biHeight and Video Formats in DirectShow.

Registered FOURCCs

FOURCCs are registered with Microsoft by the vendors of the respective multimedia software technologies. The currently registered FOURCCs appear in the following list.

Compressor Code		Description
ANIM		Intel - RDX
AUR2		AuraVision - Aura 2 Codec - YUV 422
AURA		AuraVision - Aura 1 Codec - YUV 411
BT20		Brooktree - MediaStream codec
BTCV		Brooktree - Composite Video codec
CC12		Intel - YUV12 codec
CDVC		Canopus - DV codec
CHAM		Winnov, Inc. - MM_WINNOV_CAVIARA_CHAMPAGNE
CPLA		Weitek - 4:2:0 YUV Planar
CVID		Supermac - Cinepak
CWLT		reserved
DUCK		Duck Corp. - TrueMotion 1.0
DVE2		InSoft - DVE-2 Videoconferencing codec
DXT1		reserved
DXT2		reserved
DXT3		reserved
DXT4		reserved
DXT5		reserved
DXTC		DirectX Texture Compression
FLJP		D-Vision - Field Encoded Motion JPEG With LSI Bitstream Format
GWLT		reserved
H260		Intel - Conferencing codec
H261		Intel - Conferencing codec
H262		Intel - Conferencing codec
H263		Intel - Conferencing codec
H264		Intel - Conferencing codec
H265		Intel - Conferencing codec
H266		Intel - Conferencing codec
H267		Intel - Conferencing codec
H268		Intel - Conferencing codec
H269		Intel - Conferencing codec
I263		Intel - I263
I420		Intel - Indeo 4 codec
IAN		Intel - RDX
ICLB		InSoft - CellB Videoconferencing codec
ILVC		Intel - Layered Video
ILVR		ITU-T - H.263+ compression standard
IRAW		Intel - YUV uncompressed
IV30		Intel - Indeo Video 3 codec
IV31		Intel - Indeo Video 3.1 codec
IV32		Intel - Indeo Video 3 codec
IV33		Intel - Indeo Video 3 codec
IV34		Intel - Indeo Video 3 codec
IV35		Intel - Indeo Video 3 codec
IV36		Intel - Indeo Video 3 codec
IV37		Intel - Indeo Video 3 codec
IV38		Intel - Indeo Video 3 codec
IV39		Intel - Indeo Video 3 codec
IV40		Intel - Indeo Video 4 codec
IV41		Intel - Indeo Video 4 codec
IV42		Intel - Indeo Video 4 codec
IV43		Intel - Indeo Video 4 codec
IV44		Intel - Indeo Video 4 codec
IV45		Intel - Indeo Video 4 codec
IV46		Intel - Indeo Video 4 codec
IV47		Intel - Indeo Video 4 codec
IV48		Intel - Indeo Video 4 codec
IV49		Intel - Indeo Video 4 codec
IV50		Intel - Indeo 5.0
MP42		Microsoft - MPEG-4 Video Codec V2
MPEG		Chromatic - MPEG 1 Video I Frame
MRCA		FAST Multimedia - Mrcodec
MRLE		Microsoft - Run Length Encoding
MSVC		Microsoft - Video 1
NTN1		Nogatech - Video Compression 1
qpeq		Q-Team - QPEG 1.1 Format video codec
RGBT		Computer Concepts - 32 bit support
RT21		Intel - Indeo 2.1 codec
RVX		Intel - RDX
SDCC		Sun Communications - Digital Camera Codec
SFMC		Crystal Net - SFM Codec
SMSC		Radius - proprietary
SMSD		Radius - proprietary
SPLC		Splash Studios - ACM audio codec
SQZ2		Microsoft - VXtreme Video Codec V2
SV10		Sorenson - Video R1
TLMS		TeraLogic - Motion Intraframe Codec
TLST		TeraLogic - Motion Intraframe Codec
TM20		Duck Corp. - TrueMotion 2.0
TMIC		TeraLogic - Motion Intraframe Codec
TMOT		Horizons Technology - TrueMotion Video Compression Algorithm
TR20		Duck Corp. - TrueMotion RT 2.0
V422		Vitec Multimedia - 24 bit YUV 4:2:2 format (CCIR 601). For this format, 2 consecutive pixels are represented by a 32 bit (4 byte) Y1UY2V color value.
V655		Vitec Multimedia - 16 bit YUV 4:2:2 format.
VCR1		ATI - VCR 1.0
VIVO		Vivo - H.263 Video Codec
VIXL		Miro Computer Products AG - for use with the Miro line of capture cards.
VLV1		Videologic - VLCAP.DRV
WBVC		Winbond Electronics - W9960
XLV0		NetXL, Inc. - XL Video Decoder
YC12		Intel - YUV12 codec
YUV8		Winnov, Inc. - MM_WINNOV_CAVIAR_YUV8
YUV9		Intel - YUV9
YUYV		Canopus - YUYV compressor
ZPEG		Metheus - Video Zipper

The following list shows the FOURCC values for DIB compression.

Compressor Code		Description
CYUV		Creative Labs, Inc - Creative Labs YUV
FVF1		Iterated Systems, Inc. - Fractal Video Frame
IF09		Intel - Intel Intermediate YUV9
JPEG		Microsoft - Still Image JPEG DIB
MJPG		Microsoft - Motion JPEG DIB Format
PHMO		IBM - Photomotion
ULTI		IBM - Ultimotion
VDCT		Vitec Multimedia - Video Maker Pro DIB
VIDS		Vitec Multimedia - YUV 4:2:2 CCIR 601 for V422
YU92		Intel - YUV

Registering a FOURCC Code

Registering codes with Microsoft prevents needless duplication of work and helps development of standards. To register a FOURCC code, send e-mail to mmreg@microsoft.com. Please include your name, title, company name, and phone and fax numbers.

Use this e-mail address to register the following:

• Manufacturer IDs. Manufacturer IDs are unique IDs used on device drivers to identify the vendor for the driver. The driver vendor is usually also the hardware vendor.
  
  Example Manufacturer ID: MM_ACME
• Product IDs. Product IDs are used to identify which specific device from a manufacturer is being used. For example, Microsoft has written drivers for the MIDI mapper and the WAVE mapper. Each of these has the (same) Microsoft Manufacturer ID and a unique Product ID. Product IDs and Product Names are assigned by the manufacturer.
  
  The names must be unique; using your company name followed by the product name is suggested. For example, if the Acme Company wanted to register the Super Audio card, which has a synthesizer, MIDI I/O ports, and waveform I/O, appropriate names would be:
  
  MM_ACME_SASYNTH
  MM_ACME_SAMIDIIN
  MM_ACME_SAMIDIOUT
  MM_ACME_SAWAVEIN
  MM_ACME_SAWAVEOUT
  
• Installable Compressor ID. The Installable Compressor interface requires the driver to uniquely identify itself with a FOURCC. In the AVI file, this is stored in the stream header chunk element fccHandler. Please consult the Microsoft DirectShow SDK, available through MSDN Professional subscription, for more information.

  The FOURCC should be used to identify state data belonging to the driver. All codecs should use the following convention for defining their state information structure:

  typedef struct _stateinfo {
  	FOURCC	fcc;
  	....
  } STATEINFO;

  Then, when the state info in a SET_STATE_INFO message is received, you should check the FOURCC to verify that it has state information for the driver.

FOURCC Data Formats

Data formats for FOURCC include: RBG, YUV, and compressed formats. RGB describes the colors produced by emitting light, such as on a video monitor. YUV formats can be either packed or planar. In packed YUV formats, Y, U, and V samples are packed together in macropixels and stored in a single array. Planar formats store each component in a separate array and then fuse the three separate planes to create the final image.

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